Non-destructive testing is a proven technique used to discover equipment flaws

ABC Testing Inc is a leader in providing new non-destructive testing (NDT) techniques in the area of structural testing. Our processes are proven to discover flaws or weaknesses your equipment may have. Many of our non-destructive testing services are completed in state-of-the-art NDT laboratories. Below are some of the NDT services we offer.

Ultrasonic Testing

Using an ultrasonic flaw detector, our non-destructive testing technicians can provide instantaneous results to reveal the structural design intentions were met.
This technique is used in NDT laboratories to ascertain whether there are any incomplete fusion points, cracks inclusions within a particular structure. Email us to learn more about ultrasonic testing.

Ground Penetrating Radar

Ground penetrating radar is used to collect high resolution subsurface data. This highly effective, non-destructive examination (NDE) technique helps to eliminate mistakes that can occur while drilling.
With this procedure, our certified NDE technicians are able to get fast, accurate data about the quality of subsurface concrete structures that would otherwise be difficult to reach..

Liquid Penetrant

With non-magnetic materials (aluminum, stainless steel, titanium, etc.) liquid penetrates are used to detect surface flaws that would be difficult to discover during a visual inspection.
Our non-destructive testing experts can apply various types of dye to a surface. This dye is then removed and replaced by a white developer that will act as a blotter, drawing out any remnants of the penitent that is left in voids in the structure. The penetrant stains the developer revealing the presence and location of surface breaking structural flaws.

Nondestructive Testing

Nondestructive testing (NDT) includes an extensive range of analysis techniques that are used to assess the physical attributes of a component or a system. Some of the most popular Nondestructive testing (NDT) methods include ultrasonic, radiographic, magnetic particle, liquid penetrant, eddy current, visual, leak testing, mechanical, welder/welding procedure qualification, Positive Material Identification, Hydrostatic, Ground Penetrating Radar, and Digital Imaging.

With the success rate of Nondestructive testing (NDT) methods, they have become an integral part of the forensic engineering, mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, civil engineering, systems engineering, medicine, and art. The three main things that play major role during Nondestructive testing are (1) Electromagnetic Radiation, (2) Sound, and (3) Inherent Properties of Materials to be tested.

The application areas where Nondestructive testing (NDT) is used include automotive, aviation, construction, power plants, manufacturing, railways, military, and naval industry. NDT has been proved extremely beneficial for product evaluation, troubleshooting, and research as it does not affect the object that being tested in any way. Some of the applied examples of Nondestructive testing are given below:

Weld Verification

The NTD or Nondestructive testing techniques used in welds testing include as industrial radiography using X-rays or gamma rays, ultrasonic testing, liquid penetrant testing or via eddy current and flux leakage. All these tests help to identify cracks in the surface area which are not visible to the naked eye. Welding technique is basically for joining metals, usually the metal joints or connection is prone to extra wear and tear during the product life therefore it is very important to ensure that welding is properly done and all the testing procedures are carefully conducted.

Radiography in Medicine

Radiography has been widely used to image parts or functions of the body. Some elements of human body act in response to radiographic inputs like x-rays or magnetic resonance which help the medical professionals to study the functionality of the human body. It is used to detect bone fractures and diseases and also examine the interior of mechanical systems. Radiography is majorly used in many types of medical treatments and due to its accurate and efficient results has become an integral part of the medical science.

Abcndt.com use reliable non-destructive and destructive testing methods to increase customer satisfaction and lower manufacturing costs. They cater to industries, such as automotive, aviation, construction, power plants, manufacturing, railways, military, and naval industry. ABC Testing Inc. have Certified Welding Inspectors (CWI) doing welding inspections for steel, aluminum, specialized metals like Inconel, Monel and NiAlBrz, and many other alloys. Browse through www.abcndt.com for more information.

Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic Testing is a Nondestructive Testing (NDT) method but it is used in various application areas, such as aerospace, automotive and transportation sectors. It is used for the inspection of metals, components, assemblies and composite structures. The process of Ultrasonic Testing involves introducing ultrasonic pulse-waves into the testing object to identify internal defects or to distinguish materials.

The frequency range of the ultrasonic pulse-waves is somewhere between 0.1-15 MHz. Ultrasonic Testing helps to determine the thickness of the object and check things like pipework corrosion. When Ultrasonic testing is done on steel and other metals and alloys high frequency waves are penetrated into the object. In case of concrete, wood and composites less resolution frequency waves are launched into the object.

Ultrasonic Testing – Working Explained

An Ultrasonic Testing system is used for the inspection procedure. The system comprises of certain functional units like pulser/receiver, transducer, and display devices.

• Pulser/Receiver: It produce high voltage electrical pulses
• Transducer: It produce high frequency ultrasonic energy
• Display Devices: Reflects signal strength

The high voltage electrical pulses produced by pulser/receiver are driven to the transducer which in turn generates high frequency ultrasonic energy. This energy wave propagates through the test object in the form of waves. If there is some obstacle in the wave path like a crack then some part of the energy is reflected back. The reflected energy shows that there is a flaw in the surface of the test object. The transducer transforms the reflected wave signal into electrical signal and displays it on the screen of the display device. Imperfections or other conditions in the space between the transmitter and receiver reduces the time of transmission of the signal and reveal the presence of defects.

Advantages Ultrasonic Testing

• Ultrasonic testing makes detection of the deep rooted flaws easy due high frequency waves that penetrate into the testing object.
• Ultrasonic testing also allows to spot flaws that are extremely small and otherwise not visible due to the high sensitivity of ultrasonic pulse-waves.
• Ultrasonic testing requires access to only one surface to detect the flaws and transmit the results.
• Ultrasonic testing produces extremely accurate results in comparison to the other nondestructive methods.
• Ultrasonic testing helps to determine the in-depth internal flaws with easy and also identify thickness of parts with parallel surfaces.
• Ultrasonic testing helps to estimate the size, orientation, shape and nature of defects as well.
• Ultrasonic testing is a highly automated operation and is not affected by the surrounding equipment and materials in the area.

Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic Testing (UT) uses high frequency sound energy to conduct examinations and make measurements. Ultrasonic inspection can be used for flaw detection/evaluation, dimensional measurements, material characterization, and more.

Advantages

1. High penetrating power, so that detection of flaws deep in the part.
2. High sensitivity, permitting the detection of extremely small flaws.
3. Greater accuracy than other nondestructive methods in determining the depth of internal flaws and the thickness of parts with parallel surfaces.
4. Some capability of estimating the size, orientation, shape and nature of defects.
5. Nonhazardous to operations and has no effect on equipment and materials in the vicinity.
6. Capable of portable or highly automated operation.

non destructive testing (NDT)

Non destructive testing (NDT) perform to determine the reliability and operational readiness of materials you are using whether you are in the automotive, aviation,construction,power plants, railways,military or haval industry.


Non destructive testing (NDT) testing include:-

Ultrasonic Testing:-This testing method include frequency waves detect thickness, cracks, cavities, gas holes, slag inclusions, incomplete fusion, incomplete penetration and lack of bond in a materials.

Radiographic Testing:- This testing include x-ray materials for hidden flaws to insure part reliability.

and many more like:- Magnetic Particle testing
Liquid Penetrant testing
Leak Testing
Positive Material Identification
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR)

X-Ray Aprons a New Way to Protect Against Radiation

X-ray aprons are an important part of any doctor’s wardrobe. Doctor’s that perform surgeries are constantly surrounded by large amounts of radiation. Surgeons rely heavily on the images that x-rays allow them to see. However, taking these x-rays can be extremely harmful to the physician’s health. The patients do not have to be nearly as cautious as the physicians because they are not surrounded by radiation as frequently as the surgeons.



One of the best ways for physicians to protect themselves from this radiation is to wear an x-ray apron. These aprons used to be traditionally only made out of lead, however newer alloys are being manufactured that are equally as protective. There are significant downsides to wearing x-ray aprons made of lead.



Lead while it is a great element for protecting against radiation it is extremely heavy. This can really pose a problem for physicians because in some cases they must wear these aprons for long spans of time. Lead has a very high density which why it is able to protect against x-rays so well. Unfortunately its dense nature also makes it very difficult to wear due to its weight. Physicians who have been wearing lead aprons for many years are now developing back problems from having the excessive weight on their bodies for extended periods of time.



Doctors have begun to demand a better solution to radiation protection. While they know that x-ray aprons are a necessity to their work they have asked for a more ergonomically feasible solution to this problem. New technologies have come to light to help these physicians in during these long procedures. New x-ray aprons have begun development from several manufactures that are significantly lighter than their lead counterparts.

These new aprons contain other protective agents to shield from harmful radiation. These new alloys are significantly lighter than the traditional lead x-ray apron. While they are lighter they do protect from radiation at the same rate and in some cases can actually protect better than the old lead aprons. Old aprons that are made of lead should be replaced by these ergonomically suitable substitutes. Doctors are taking on unnecessary risks if they continue to use their old lead x-ray aprons. Upgrading to a new x-ray apron is highly recommended to most surgeons that are wearing the apron for a long period of time. However, there are also concerns for disposal of the old lead aprons since they cannot be simply disposed of in the trash.



Physicians should always dispose of old lead x-ray aprons properly by sending them to a recycling plant. It is vital that doctors take this precaution when getting rid of their old apron because of the contamination factor of lead. This is just another benefit of the newer x-ray aprons. Since they are not made from harmful materials themselves, such as lead, they do not need special disposal procedures. These new elements are not harmful to the environment and will not contaminate areas liked lead will. Physicians should make the switch to a new x-ray apron that is not made from lead if they haven’t already, for both their sake and the environments.



About the Author: Stephen Is CEO of Medical Equipment Today a website updating physicians of the latest medical equipment or more information on x-ray aprons



Source: www.isnare.com

Permanent Link: http://www.isnare.com/?aid=274597&ca=Medical+Business

Basic Principles of Ultrasonic Testing

Ultrasonic Testing (UT) uses high frequency sound energy to conduct examinations and make measurements. Ultrasonic inspection can be used for flaw detection/evaluation, dimensional measurements, material characterization, and more. To illustrate the general inspection principle, a typical pulse/echo inspection configuration as illustrated below will be used.

A typical UT inspection system consists of several functional units, such as the pulser/receiver, transducer, and display devices. A pulser/receiver is an electronic device that can produce high voltage electrical pulses. Driven by the pulser, the transducer generates high frequency ultrasonic energy. The sound energy is introduced and propagates through the materials in the form of waves. When there is a discontinuity (such as a crack) in the wave path, part of the energy will be reflected back from the flaw surface. The reflected wave signal is transformed into an electrical signal by the transducer and is displayed on a screen. In the applet below, the reflected signal strength is displayed versus the time from signal generation to when a echo was received. Signal travel time can be directly related to the distance that the signal traveled. From the signal, information about the reflector location, size, orientation and other features can sometimes be gained.

Ultrasonic Inspection is a very useful and versatile NDT method. Some of the advantages of ultrasonic inspection that are often cited include:

• It is sensitive to both surface and subsurface discontinuities.
• The depth of penetration for flaw detection or measurement is superior to other NDT methods.
• Only single-sided access is needed when the pulse-echo technique is used.
• It is highly accurate in determining reflector position and estimating size and shape.
• Minimal part preparation is required.
• Electronic equipment provides instantaneous results.
• Detailed images can be produced with automated systems.
• It has other uses, such as thickness measurement, in addition to flaw detection.

As with all NDT methods, ultrasonic inspection also has its limitations, which include:

• Surface must be accessible to transmit ultrasound.
• Skill and training is more extensive than with some other methods.
• It normally requires a coupling medium to promote the transfer of sound energy into the test specimen.
• Materials that are rough, irregular in shape, very small, exceptionally thin or not homogeneous are difficult to inspect.
• Cast iron and other coarse grained materials are difficult to inspect due to low sound transmission and high signal noise.
• Linear defects oriented parallel to the sound beam may go undetected.
• Reference standards are required for both equipment calibration and the characterization of flaws.

The above introduction provides a simplified introduction to the NDT method of ultrasonic testing. However, to effectively perform an inspection using ultrasonics, much more about the method needs to be known. The following pages present information on the science involved in ultrasonic inspection, the equipment that is commonly used, some of the measurement techniques used, as well as other information.